During recent decades the forest covered upland territories in Mekong sub-region have become the target of both state and private forms of exploitation. The rush to extract resources from forests, land, water and soil has impoverished Indigenous Peoples, endangered their livelihoods and their cultural and spiritual lives, harmed their well being and impaired their development. Confronted with commercial farming and large plantations, logging and extractive industries, large infrastructure projects such as hydropower dams or new transportation axes, often accompanied a massive influx of non-indigenous settlers and/or massive community displacement, indigenous groups are struggling all over the sub-region to assert their ...